The first car was invented in 1769 in Paris by the inventor Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot (1725-1804). Joseph called his invention “The Fardier”. It had only three wheels and was powered by a steam engine. It had not a manual break or wheel. In 1770 Joseph built a second car, faster and more powerful than “The Fardier”. But it was a very difficult car to be controlled. As a consequence, it was crashed into a wall during the first driving test.
Some years later, different inventors built engines with different types of propulsion. For example: electric engines or coal gas engines. In 1885 Siegfried Marcus invented the first vehicle powered with gasoline.
Nowadays, there are a huge variety of cars models with too many different characteristics. Day by day millions of vehicles are produced on industries all over the world. Some of the most important car companies are Ford, Chevrolet, Mercedes Benz and Volkswagen. Modern cars are safer and more efficient than before. The best thing is that they produce less pollution than first cars.
In the future, cars will probably have turbines to fly in the air. Maybe they will be built with special materials so we can drive under the water. In my opinion, technology can transform cars into unimaginable things. So anything can be expected.
The first televisión was a mechanic TV. It was created in 1926. First models were radios thhat had a little screen to watch it. About 1940’s, the color TV came to the maret. Many companies like Panasonic and Sanyo began to sell TV setc.
Now there are TV Plasma and LCD’s: They are modern and innovative in design and technology. Also, there are Smart TVs; they have internet free wi-fi and we can surf the net and connect to social networks.
In the future, we’ll be able to watch TV trough holograms. The TV won’t need wire, antenna or set. With our voices we’ll be able to on and off the TV and changed the channels too.
History of car It has been said that in 1678 the Chinese Emperor Chien Lung built the first steam vehicle. But Thomas Newman too built his first steam engine After that appeared the first electric car in 1832. The most popular electric car was ‘’The Columbia’’ Hundred years later Henry Ford built his first car in 1896, after that Ford formed the ‘’Detroit Automobile Company’’ in 1899 Now Gasoline engines appear in cars like ‘’BMW’’ and ‘’MINI’’. This development started hundred years ago. Mercedes Benz was the first model in 1930 with diesel engine. Today is the most expensive in Europe and America
The history of video games started in the 1940s after the Second World War. The first modern games appeared in the early 60's.
Since then the world of video games has not stopped growing. In recent years the best selling video game console was the Playstation 2 with 136 million sales. And the best selling video game in the USA is ''Prototype''.
It is said that in the future, the video game will end up occupying the space they have board games today, games played outside (football) and toys (dolls, toy cars). Will be replaced by videos game. This is a concern for some parents who do not want that for their children but no one can stop this wave of new technologies.
The first computer was created in the 50`s andi t was the IBM650 computer. From there, Computers continued to evolve and we can explain it with 5 generations: In the first generation these machines were built using vacuum tubes and they were programed in machine language. In the second generation the Computers were reduced in size and were less expensive. In the next generation (april 1964) were their manufacture electronics were based on integrated circuites and their handling was through control languages operating Systems. In the fourth generation microprocessors and microcomputers appeared. These microcomputers were smaller and cheaper. In 1976 Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs invented the first mass use microcomputer. In the last generation Japan produced innovative machines.
Nowadays digital Computers are in accordance with the mathematical model proposed by John Neumann. The important feature of this model is that both data and programs are stored in memory before being used. I imagine they will probably have touchable screens, be faster, etc. Ican not guess more innovations for the future because today they are extremely innovative.
Video games were created in the 1940`s by Thomas Goldsmisth in the USA. They became popular in the 70`s and 80`s when arcades video games,gaming consoles and home computer games were introduced to the general public. In the past, video games consisted of a computer code for games that was hardcaded into michochips and no additinal games could not be added. Today there is a great variety of models of games consoles. They have became more accesible for people and popular. In the present video games include 3D graphics, on-line gaming and first-person gaming. In the future video games will be more realistic and interactive. I imagine every body will have a game console to have fun .
The first computer was the Analytical EnGime created by Charles Babbage, mathematics professor at the University of cambridge and Enginner English in the nine teenth centry. The idea that Charles Babbage was bom on a computer because the develop ment of mathematical tables was a tedious and error prone. This machine included a memory that could store data. The operations were created to satisfy individual´s need. Kevin Homewood, experts from the University of Surrey, England believes that the key will be the light. It will be feasible to build an optical computer that takes advantage of the speed of light and its great capacity to carry data the problem is that silicon is manufactured with microchip that normally emits heat energy, not light. In the future will be smoller and more technological.
moving bodies most of our universe is in motion. in interstellar space planets move in circles around the sun, like our own planet that rotates on its own axis. This pattern of movement is repeated for each atom. No wonder the dance is one of the oldest expressions, art of movement. assuming different forms. Its origins have taken root in the prehistoric past, and that before the dance will be transformed into a complex art primitive man took pleasure in rocking, to spin, to mark their steps, just as children still do today. each of the great civilizations of the world produced their own dances. but certain aspects remained the same pattern, and they are all created from the body in motion. Asian dances are more complex, in part because belly dancing is closely tied to the region. through the centuries, a group of Asian nations joined the dance to other arts to achieve a more complete theatrical form. however, the dance is not the only form of movement that we like to see. also causes us pleasure to watch in the hearth, the waves on the beach, the raindrops on the glass and go and you come from people passing. Dance movements are structured in such a way that deserve referred. yamila vaccarella
The first analog cellular system widey deplayed in North America was the advanced Mobile Phone System. It was commercially introduced in the Americas in 1978, Israel in 1986 and Australia in 1987.
In the 1990s , the "second generation" (2G) mobile phone system emerged . These differed from yhe previous generation by using digital instead of analog transmission.The second generation introduced a new variant of communication called SMS or text messaging also introduced the avility to access media content on mobile phones.
In the mid 2000s an evlution of 3G (third generation) technology begun to be implemented the thrird generation wich allows networks to have higher data tranfers speeds and capacity.
The 4 th generation technologies with the pronise of speed improvements up to 10 fold over existing 3G technologies.
In the present yhe modern cell phone networks allow automatic and pervasive use of mobile phone for voice and data communications. The fort generation (4G) continues to progress now.
A video game is an electronic game that involves human interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device. The word video in video game traditionally referred to acathode ray tube (CRT) display device, but it now implies any type of display device that can produce two or three dimensional images. The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles. These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld devices. Specialized video games such as arcade games, while previously common, have gradually declined in use. Video games have gone on to become an art form and industry. The input device used to manipulate video games is called a game controller, and varies across platforms. For example, a controller might consist of only a button and a joystick, while another may feature a dozen buttons and one or more joysticks. Early personal computer games often needed a keyboard for gameplay, or more commonly, required the user to buy a separate joystick with at least one button. Many modern computer games allow or require the player to use a keyboard and a mouse simultaneously. A few of the most common game controllers are gamepads, mice, keyboards, and joysticks. Video games typically use additional means of providing interactivity and information to the player. Audio is almost universal, using sound reproduction devices, such as speakers and headphones. Other feedback may come via haptic peripherals, such as vibration or force feedback, with vibration sometimes used to simulate force feedback. In the early days of cartridge consoles, they were sometimes called TV games.
It all started with a German engineer named Ralph Baer. He created a console called “brown box” in 1967 that had a chasing game where you could chase each other’s dots on the screen. This was later turned into the first mass market console known as “The Oddyssy” which sold over 300,000 units including a light gun game. PONG actually came out later and was originally played in the arcade game format. The original first person shooter was called “Maze Wars” and came out in 1972.
The famous “Brick Breaker” found on Blackberry smart phones to this day was developed by Apple founders Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak and released for the Atari is 1976. The first popular video game system traces its roots to the Atari 2600 also creatively named “Video Game Computer System” in 1977 and was the most successful console of its time. Nintendo also offered its first product in 1977 called the “Color TU Game 6” which packed 6 variations of “light tennis” (PONG). Shortly afterward, (1978-1979) classic games such as Space Invaders, Asteroids, Flight Simulator and Space Wars came out. After this (1980-1982) an explosion of classic games started to get released. The familiar Galaga, Dig Dug, Donkey Kong, Pac-Man, Missile Command, Centipede and Fogger among others were released.
(Part 2) It wasn’t until 1983 that truly next generation consoles emerged such as Nintendo’s “Family Computer Console” or “Famicom” known as Nintendo Entertainment System in the US. At the same time Sega released its SG-1000 but only found minor success in the Japanese market. By 1985 Nintendo released its first truly great long term franchise “Super Mario Bros.” along with the NES in it’s American debut in 1985. Afterwards some of the truly great games of all time came out such as Zelda, Dragon Quest, Tetris from 1984-1986. Then came Castlevania, Street Fighter and Megaman the last games before ushering in a new world a gaming with the Sega Genesis in 1988 and later the SNES in 1990 with great games like Super Mario World, Sonic the Hedgehog, F-Zero, and Tecmo Super Bowl. In 1989 the Gameboy came out which was the first portable console.
Between 1989 and 1990, JoyPads continued to borrow from the D-Pad concept. Sega introduced a 3rd action button with its Sega Genesis pad, and the controller was rounded off to ergonomically feel more comfortable in the hands of gamers. An arcade fighter craze soon spurred the development of Sega's 6 button (3 top / 3 bottom) variations that were sold separately (the fighter craze also seemed to bring back the popularity of Joysticks which are still prominently used in arcades. Gamers wanted to recreate the "arcade feel" of many "arcade to console" ports) Nintendo answered the call with their own 6 button standard SuperNES controller. In 1989 NEC introduced the Turbo Grafx 16. This one requires some backstory. In Japan, NEC had entered the video game market with their PCE system. The PCE had a 16-bit graphics chip that displayed up to 256 colors on screen at once, in several resolutions. The CPU wasn’t much more powerful than the NES, but the graphics chip and sound beat the Famicom hands down. The system used a slim card format for the software. It was also the first console that had a CD-ROM drive, which allowed for full rich soundtracks and full motion video. The PCE(PC Engine) was very popular in Japan.
(Part 3) Two years later, in 1989, NEC wanted to bring the PC Engine to North America. And that’s the story. The Sega Genesis arrived that same year. Nintendo’s NES was the big boy in the video game market for almost five years. Sega knew that their next system would have to be superior to everything. An aggressive marketing campaign to customers won a lot of people over. The classic SuperNES controller strategically placed 2 action buttons on what would later be called "shoulder buttons". The SuperNES pad was also rounded, and maintained a smaller size for children's hands. The appearance was almost dog biscuit shaped, and it allowed the sides of the controller to be easily "cupped" by the hands. The "shoulder" buttons could easily be pressed by both index fingers. The other 4 buttons were placed angled, and mimicked the "cross-shaped" style of the directional pad. The idea was to make the buttons easily accessible with the thumbs.
1990 saw the release of the Sega Master System II. Sega was having success with the Sega Genesis so they designed the Sega Master System II to keep the ball rolling. The system went nowhere. That was also the year we met the SNK NEO-GEO (AES). The Neo Geo AES (Advanced Entertainment System) played the exact same games as the ones in the arcade. It even had memory cards that could be switched between the two to save your progress. 1991 saw the introduction of the Super Nintendo Entertainment System or SNES. It was Nintendo’s second home console, following the NES. The SNES became the best selling console of the 16-bit era but only after Sega had pulled out of the 16-bit market to focus on its 32-bit next gen console. The NEC TurboDuo debuted in 1992. The system combined the TurboGrafx-16 and an enhanced version of the CD-ROM drive into one unit. The system could play audio CDs, CD+Gs, CD-ROM2 and Super CD games as well as HuCards. The original unit for the Turbo Duo included the system, a control pad, an AC adapter, RCA cables, Ys book I & II a CD-ROM2 title, a Super CD disc including Bonk’s Adventure, Bonk’s Revenge, Gates of Thunder and a secret version of Bomberman.
(Part 4) Then came the Sega CD for Genesis, first announced at the Chicago CES in November 1992. Sadly, the Sega CD failed to convince gamers to buy it, mostly due to the cost. It was a single speed CD drive which made load times slow. Panasonic 3DO Interactive hit the shelves in 1993. Many big companies got licenses to make 3DO systems. Companies like Goldstar, Sanyo, Samsung, AT&T, etc. They thought it would be the next big thing in home entertainment. The unit was released in 1993 for $700. That same year the Atari Jaguar debuted. The Jaguar was technically superior to the leading 16-bit consoles. Only a small number of games were developed for the system. 1993 also saw a new NES on the market. The Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) Model 2. This newer model was almost half the size of the original. The case was sleeker etc. It sold for $45. The Sega Genesis 2 arrived in 1994 and was almost the same as the Sega Genesis. What you got was an AC adapter, RF switch, controller, and the Sonic the Hedgehog 2 game. Not long after, the Sega CD for Genesis 2 arrived. The Sega Mega-CD is an add-on device for the Sega Mega Drive released in Europe, Australia, and Japan. The US version is known as the Sega CD. It was considered a failure in the United States because of its high price. Sega Genesis 32x hit the market in North America in November 1994. The Sega 32X can only be used with a Sega Mega Drive/Sega Genesis system, plugged into the cartridge bay. It played its own cartridges and acted as a passthrough for Genesis games. Over a million were ordered, but not enough were produced, leading to shortage problems. The SNK NEO-GEO CD is essentially the same hardware as the AES but with a CD drive replacing the cartridge slot. CD’s are cheaper. Again, the CD drive is single speed so load times sucked. The Sega CDX was a 16-bit console released in 1994 for $399. It combines the Sega Mega Drive and the Sega Mega-CD into a single unit. Overpriced as usual it had very few good quality Mega-CD games. In 1995 Atari came out with the Jaguar CD. It sat on top of the Jaguar console. The drive had its own cartridge slot to allow cartridge games to be played without removing the CD drive. Two games came with the drive. Blue Lightning and Vid Grid, a music CD, and a Myst demo disc. It was the year that the Sony PlayStation hit. It actually came about because Nintendo wanted Sony to develop a CD-ROM add-on called “PlayStation” for the SNES. Sony wanted 25% of all profits Nintendo earned from sales and all PlayStation games. So Nintendo instead went to Philips. Sony simply made it into a full console. Sony had a successful launch and the rest is history. The Panasonic 3DO FZ-10 had some innovative features. The CD-based system gave developers tons of space to store games and programs. There was only one controller port. The controllers needed to be daisy-chained together. The original controllers even have a built-in stereo headphone jack and volume control. It also sports internal memory and 2 expansion ports. It had a bunch of accessories. Everything from game pads, to steering wheels and flight sticks.
(Part 5) The Sega Saturn also arrived in 1995, four months ahead of schedule. It was announced at that year’s E3. The move resulted in low sales a launch due to the $399 price of the system and the lack of available software. Sega chose to ship Saturn units only to four retailers as well. Next up is the Nintendo 64. Its code name was Project Reality. The name changed to Nintendo Ultra 64, then just Nintendo 64. The SNES Model 2 was next. A redesigned SNES 2 in North America for $99. It was designed to be slimmer and lighter and lacked S-Video and RGB output. The Genesis 3 retailed for $29.99 and came with one controller, AV cables, and a power cord. The system was small, about the size of two controllers. No expansion port, so it could not use Sega CD 1 or 2. 1999 brought the Sega Dreamcast. The first console with a built-in modem and Internet support for on-line gaming. It had good sales in its first year. So good that Sega was unable to fulfill all of the advance orders. The Sony PlayStation PS1 arrived in 2000. The first new version was produced in response to complaints that PlayStations were overheating. Sony kept the specs the same, but removed the S-video port left over from the Japanese release. Sony produced a redesigned version of the original console, called the “PSone”, in a smaller case. The PlayStation 2 had a tough time at first. Only a few million users had actually scored one by the end of 2000, due to manufacturing problems. The launch titles for the PS2 were lackluster, but that would soon change. The Nintendo Game Cube was unveiled during Spaceworld 2000, looking just as the name suggests, like a cube. It has a unique CD in the GameCube Optical Disc, which are 3 1/8 inches in diameter. The Xbox was Microsoft’s first independent venture into the video game console arena. Some titles at launch were Amped, Dead or Alive 3, Halo: Combat Evolved and Project Gotham Racing. In November 2002 Microsoft introduced the Xbox Live on-line gaming service. 250,000 subscribers had signed on in just 2 months when Live was launched. The Sony PlayStation 2 (SCPH-70000) was released in 2004 just in time for the launch of Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. A new, smaller PS2. Sony stopped making the older PS2 model in the summer of 2004. XaviXPORT was released in 2004 at the Consumer Electronics Show. The console uses peripherals to interact with games through image recognition and infrared sensors that detect player movements. The Xbox 360 is Microsoft’s latest video game console that we all know and love. I won’t go into detail. Awesome and powerful console. The PlayStation 3 was released in 2006. At that time were showing up on eBay for more than $2300. Another great and powerful console. Lately they haven’t been selling well for Sony, but who knows what the future holds. The Nintendo Wii was also released in 2006. It was codenamed the “Revolution” then later renamed Wii. The Wii Remote is has been revolutionizing game play with accelerometers and infrared detection to sense its position in 3D space. It’s a huge hit for the big N.
(Part 6) Seventh Generation The most remarkable feature introduced in this time period was the new disc formats - Blu-ray Disc and the HD DVD, the later one getting discontinued soon. The use of motion as input, IR tracking (implemented on the Wii and demonstrated on the PS3) and standard wireless controllers were the highlights of this generation game consoles. This era included Microsoft's XBox 360, Sony PlayStation 3 and Nintendo Wii game console which are the most sought after consoles today.
This is where we can sum up the evolution of video games and gaming consoles. The experience on modern-day gaming consoles is on a completely different level and all its spectacular features can be attributed to the immense effort put over these eras.
History of cars
ResponderEliminarThe first car was invented in 1769 in Paris by the inventor Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot (1725-1804). Joseph called his invention “The Fardier”. It had only three wheels and was powered by a steam engine. It had not a manual break or wheel. In 1770 Joseph built a second car, faster and more powerful than “The Fardier”. But it was a very difficult car to be controlled. As a consequence, it was crashed into a wall during the first driving test.
Some years later, different inventors built engines with different types of propulsion. For example: electric engines or coal gas engines. In 1885 Siegfried Marcus invented the first vehicle powered with gasoline.
Nowadays, there are a huge variety of cars models with too many different characteristics. Day by day millions of vehicles are produced on industries all over the world. Some of the most important car companies are Ford, Chevrolet, Mercedes Benz and Volkswagen. Modern cars are safer and more efficient than before. The best thing is that they produce less pollution than first cars.
In the future, cars will probably have turbines to fly in the air. Maybe they will be built with special materials so we can drive under the water. In my opinion, technology can transform cars into unimaginable things. So anything can be expected.
Federico Bautista
Really interesting and very complete! Congratulations!
EliminarGreat! Very interesting information!
ResponderEliminarTelevision
ResponderEliminarThe first televisión was a mechanic TV. It was created in 1926.
First models were radios thhat had a little screen to watch it.
About 1940’s, the color TV came to the maret. Many companies like Panasonic and Sanyo began to sell TV setc.
Now there are TV Plasma and LCD’s: They are modern and innovative in design and technology. Also, there are Smart TVs; they have internet free wi-fi and we can surf the net and connect to social networks.
In the future, we’ll be able to watch TV trough holograms. The TV won’t need wire, antenna or set. With our voices we’ll be able to on and off the TV and changed the channels too.
Very good post! Past, present and past are explained! Congrats!
EliminarHistory of car
ResponderEliminarIt has been said that in 1678 the Chinese Emperor Chien Lung built the first steam vehicle. But Thomas Newman too built his first steam engine
After that appeared the first electric car in 1832. The most popular electric car was ‘’The Columbia’’
Hundred years later Henry Ford built his first car in 1896, after that Ford formed the ‘’Detroit Automobile Company’’ in 1899
Now Gasoline engines appear in cars like ‘’BMW’’ and ‘’MINI’’. This development started hundred years ago.
Mercedes Benz was the first model in 1930 with diesel engine. Today is the most expensive in Europe and America
ELIAS GONZALEZ
Well done! You could also explain how you imagine the future of cars.
EliminarHistory of video games.
ResponderEliminarThe history of video games started in the 1940s after the Second World War.
The first modern games appeared in the early 60's.
Since then the world of video games has not stopped growing. In recent years the best selling video game console was the Playstation 2 with 136 million sales. And the best selling video game in the USA is ''Prototype''.
It is said that in the future, the video game will end up occupying the space they have board games today, games played outside (football) and toys (dolls, toy cars). Will be replaced by videos game.
This is a concern for some parents who do not want that for their children but no one can stop this wave of new technologies.
Melisa Sarramone
Great job! Interesting information!!!
EliminarHistory, of computing.
ResponderEliminarThe first computer was created in the 50`s andi t was the IBM650 computer. From there, Computers continued to evolve and we can explain it with 5 generations:
In the first generation these machines were built using vacuum tubes and they were programed in machine language.
In the second generation the Computers were reduced in size and were less expensive.
In the next generation (april 1964) were their manufacture electronics were based on integrated circuites and their handling was through control languages operating Systems.
In the fourth generation microprocessors and microcomputers appeared. These microcomputers were smaller and cheaper. In 1976 Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs invented the first mass use microcomputer.
In the last generation Japan produced innovative machines.
Nowadays digital Computers are in accordance with the mathematical model proposed by John Neumann.
The important feature of this model is that both data and programs are stored in memory before being used.
I imagine they will probably have touchable screens, be faster, etc.
Ican not guess more innovations for the future because today they are extremely innovative.
By Rocio Mendiola.
Well done! thanks for sharing!!!
Eliminarvideo games
ResponderEliminarpart of modern culture
Video games were created in the 1940`s by Thomas Goldsmisth in the USA.
They became popular in the 70`s and 80`s when arcades video games,gaming consoles and home computer games were introduced to the general public.
In the past, video games consisted of a computer code for games that was hardcaded into michochips and no additinal games could not be added.
Today there is a great variety of models of games consoles.
They have became more accesible for people and popular.
In the present video games include 3D graphics, on-line gaming and first-person gaming.
In the future video games will be more realistic and interactive.
I imagine every body will have a game console to have fun .
EMANUEL STAMM
Good job! And very interesting information!
ResponderEliminarComputer:
ResponderEliminarThe first computer was the Analytical EnGime created by Charles Babbage, mathematics professor at the University of cambridge and Enginner English in the nine teenth centry. The idea that Charles Babbage was bom on a computer because the develop ment of mathematical tables was a tedious and error prone. This machine included a memory that could store data. The operations were created to satisfy individual´s need.
Kevin Homewood, experts from the University of Surrey, England believes that the key will be the light. It will be feasible to build an optical computer that takes advantage of the speed of light and its great capacity to carry data the problem is that silicon is manufactured with microchip that normally emits heat energy, not light.
In the future will be smoller and more technological.
KAREN DI BATTISTA
moving bodies
ResponderEliminarmost of our universe is in motion. in interstellar space planets move in circles around the sun, like our own planet that rotates on its own axis. This pattern of movement is repeated for each atom.
No wonder the dance is one of the oldest expressions, art of movement. assuming different forms.
Its origins have taken root in the prehistoric past, and that before the dance will be transformed into a complex art primitive man took pleasure in rocking, to spin, to mark their steps, just as children still do today.
each of the great civilizations of the world produced their own dances. but certain aspects remained the same pattern, and they are all created from the body in motion.
Asian dances are more complex, in part because belly dancing is closely tied to the region.
through the centuries, a group of Asian nations joined the dance to other arts to achieve a more complete theatrical form.
however, the dance is not the only form of movement that we like to see. also causes us pleasure to watch in the hearth, the waves on the beach, the raindrops on the glass and go and you come from people passing.
Dance movements are structured in such a way that deserve referred.
yamila vaccarella
Karen and Yamila, your works are very good!
ResponderEliminarcheers
HISTORY OF THE CELL PHONE
ResponderEliminarThe first analog cellular system widey deplayed in North America
was the advanced Mobile Phone System. It was commercially introduced in the Americas in 1978, Israel in 1986 and Australia in 1987.
In the 1990s , the "second generation" (2G) mobile phone system emerged . These differed from yhe previous generation by using digital instead of analog transmission.The second generation introduced a new variant of communication called SMS or text messaging also introduced the avility to access media content on mobile phones.
In the mid 2000s an evlution of 3G (third generation) technology begun to be implemented the thrird generation wich allows networks to have higher data tranfers speeds and capacity.
The 4 th generation technologies with the pronise of speed improvements up to 10 fold over existing 3G technologies.
In the present yhe modern cell phone networks allow automatic and pervasive use of mobile phone for voice and data communications. The fort generation (4G) continues to progress now.
HISTORY OF VIDEOGAME (Ayrton Rodriguez Gularte)
ResponderEliminarA video game is an electronic game that involves human interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device. The word video in video game traditionally referred to acathode ray tube (CRT) display device, but it now implies any type of display device that can produce two or three dimensional images. The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles. These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld devices. Specialized video games such as arcade games, while previously common, have gradually declined in use. Video games have gone on to become an art form and industry.
The input device used to manipulate video games is called a game controller, and varies across platforms. For example, a controller might consist of only a button and a joystick, while another may feature a dozen buttons and one or more joysticks. Early personal computer games often needed a keyboard for gameplay, or more commonly, required the user to buy a separate joystick with at least one button. Many modern computer games allow or require the player to use a keyboard and a mouse simultaneously. A few of the most common game controllers are gamepads, mice, keyboards, and joysticks.
Video games typically use additional means of providing interactivity and information to the player. Audio is almost universal, using sound reproduction devices, such as speakers and headphones. Other feedback may come via haptic peripherals, such as vibration or force feedback, with vibration sometimes used to simulate force feedback.
In the early days of cartridge consoles, they were sometimes called TV games.
(Part 1)
EliminarIt all started with a German engineer named Ralph Baer. He created a console called “brown box” in 1967 that had a chasing game where you could chase each other’s dots on the screen. This was later turned into the first mass market console known as “The Oddyssy” which sold over 300,000 units including a light gun game. PONG actually came out later and was originally played in the arcade game format. The original first person shooter was called “Maze Wars” and came out in 1972.
The famous “Brick Breaker” found on Blackberry smart phones to this day was developed by Apple founders Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak and released for the Atari is 1976. The first popular video game system traces its roots to the Atari 2600 also creatively named “Video Game Computer System” in 1977 and was the most successful console of its time. Nintendo also offered its first product in 1977 called the “Color TU Game 6” which packed 6 variations of “light tennis” (PONG). Shortly afterward, (1978-1979) classic games such as Space Invaders, Asteroids, Flight Simulator and Space Wars came out. After this (1980-1982) an explosion of classic games started to get released. The familiar Galaga, Dig Dug, Donkey Kong, Pac-Man, Missile Command, Centipede and Fogger among others were released.
(Part 2)
ResponderEliminarIt wasn’t until 1983 that truly next generation consoles emerged such as Nintendo’s “Family Computer Console” or “Famicom” known as Nintendo Entertainment System in the US. At the same time Sega released its SG-1000 but only found minor success in the Japanese market. By 1985 Nintendo released its first truly great long term franchise “Super Mario Bros.” along with the NES in it’s American debut in 1985. Afterwards some of the truly great games of all time came out such as Zelda, Dragon Quest, Tetris from 1984-1986. Then came Castlevania, Street Fighter and Megaman the last games before ushering in a new world a gaming with the Sega Genesis in 1988 and later the SNES in 1990 with great games like Super Mario World, Sonic the Hedgehog, F-Zero, and Tecmo Super Bowl. In 1989 the Gameboy came out which was the first portable console.
Between 1989 and 1990, JoyPads continued to borrow from the D-Pad concept. Sega introduced a 3rd action button with its Sega Genesis pad, and the controller was rounded off to ergonomically feel more comfortable in the hands of gamers. An arcade fighter craze soon spurred the development of Sega's 6 button (3 top / 3 bottom) variations that were sold separately (the fighter craze also seemed to bring back the popularity of Joysticks which are still prominently used in arcades. Gamers wanted to recreate the "arcade feel" of many "arcade to console" ports) Nintendo answered the call with their own 6 button standard SuperNES controller.
In 1989 NEC introduced the Turbo Grafx 16. This one requires some backstory. In Japan, NEC had entered the video game market with their PCE system. The PCE had a 16-bit graphics chip that displayed up to 256 colors on screen at once, in several resolutions. The CPU wasn’t much more powerful than the NES, but the graphics chip and sound beat the Famicom hands down. The system used a slim card format for the software. It was also the first console that had a CD-ROM drive, which allowed for full rich soundtracks and full motion video. The PCE(PC Engine) was very popular in Japan.
(Part 3)
ResponderEliminarTwo years later, in 1989, NEC wanted to bring the PC Engine to North America. And that’s the story.
The Sega Genesis arrived that same year. Nintendo’s NES was the big boy in the video game market for almost five years. Sega knew that their next system would have to be superior to everything. An aggressive marketing campaign to customers won a lot of people over.
The classic SuperNES controller strategically placed 2 action buttons on what would later be called "shoulder buttons". The SuperNES pad was also rounded, and maintained a smaller size for children's hands. The appearance was almost dog biscuit shaped, and it allowed the sides of the controller to be easily "cupped" by the hands. The "shoulder" buttons could easily be pressed by both index fingers. The other 4 buttons were placed angled, and mimicked the "cross-shaped" style of the directional pad. The idea was to make the buttons easily accessible with the thumbs.
1990 saw the release of the Sega Master System II. Sega was having success with the Sega Genesis so they designed the Sega Master System II to keep the ball rolling. The system went nowhere.
That was also the year we met the SNK NEO-GEO (AES). The Neo Geo AES (Advanced Entertainment System) played the exact same games as the ones in the arcade. It even had memory cards that could be switched between the two to save your progress.
1991 saw the introduction of the Super Nintendo Entertainment System or SNES. It was Nintendo’s second home console, following the NES. The SNES became the best selling console of the 16-bit era but only after Sega had pulled out of the 16-bit market to focus on its 32-bit next gen console.
The NEC TurboDuo debuted in 1992. The system combined the TurboGrafx-16 and an enhanced version of the CD-ROM drive into one unit. The system could play audio CDs, CD+Gs, CD-ROM2 and Super CD games as well as HuCards. The original unit for the Turbo Duo included the system, a control pad, an AC adapter, RCA cables, Ys book I & II a CD-ROM2 title, a Super CD disc including Bonk’s Adventure, Bonk’s Revenge, Gates of Thunder and a secret version of Bomberman.
(Part 4)
ResponderEliminarThen came the Sega CD for Genesis, first announced at the Chicago CES in November 1992. Sadly, the Sega CD failed to convince gamers to buy it, mostly due to the cost. It was a single speed CD drive which made load times slow.
Panasonic 3DO Interactive hit the shelves in 1993. Many big companies got licenses to make 3DO systems. Companies like Goldstar, Sanyo, Samsung, AT&T, etc. They thought it would be the next big thing in home entertainment. The unit was released in 1993 for $700.
That same year the Atari Jaguar debuted. The Jaguar was technically superior to the leading 16-bit consoles. Only a small number of games were developed for the system.
1993 also saw a new NES on the market. The Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) Model 2. This newer model was almost half the size of the original. The case was sleeker etc. It sold for $45.
The Sega Genesis 2 arrived in 1994 and was almost the same as the Sega Genesis. What you got was an AC adapter, RF switch, controller, and the Sonic the Hedgehog 2 game.
Not long after, the Sega CD for Genesis 2 arrived. The Sega Mega-CD is an add-on device for the Sega Mega Drive released in Europe, Australia, and Japan. The US version is known as the Sega CD. It was considered a failure in the United States because of its high price.
Sega Genesis 32x hit the market in North America in November 1994. The Sega 32X can only be used with a Sega Mega Drive/Sega Genesis system, plugged into the cartridge bay. It played its own cartridges and acted as a passthrough for Genesis games. Over a million were ordered, but not enough were produced, leading to shortage problems.
The SNK NEO-GEO CD is essentially the same hardware as the AES but with a CD drive replacing the cartridge slot. CD’s are cheaper. Again, the CD drive is single speed so load times sucked.
The Sega CDX was a 16-bit console released in 1994 for $399. It combines the Sega Mega Drive and the Sega Mega-CD into a single unit. Overpriced as usual it had very few good quality Mega-CD games.
In 1995 Atari came out with the Jaguar CD. It sat on top of the Jaguar console. The drive had its own cartridge slot to allow cartridge games to be played without removing the CD drive. Two games came with the drive. Blue Lightning and Vid Grid, a music CD, and a Myst demo disc.
It was the year that the Sony PlayStation hit. It actually came about because Nintendo wanted Sony to develop a CD-ROM add-on called “PlayStation” for the SNES. Sony wanted 25% of all profits Nintendo earned from sales and all PlayStation games. So Nintendo instead went to Philips. Sony simply made it into a full console. Sony had a successful launch and the rest is history.
The Panasonic 3DO FZ-10 had some innovative features. The CD-based system gave developers tons of space to store games and programs. There was only one controller port. The controllers needed to be daisy-chained together. The original controllers even have a built-in stereo headphone jack and volume control. It also sports internal memory and 2 expansion ports. It had a bunch of accessories. Everything from game pads, to steering wheels and flight sticks.
(Part 5)
ResponderEliminarThe Sega Saturn also arrived in 1995, four months ahead of schedule. It was announced at that year’s E3. The move resulted in low sales a launch due to the $399 price of the system and the lack of available software. Sega chose to ship Saturn units only to four retailers as well.
Next up is the Nintendo 64. Its code name was Project Reality. The name changed to Nintendo Ultra 64, then just Nintendo 64.
The SNES Model 2 was next. A redesigned SNES 2 in North America for $99. It was designed to be slimmer and lighter and lacked S-Video and RGB output.
The Genesis 3 retailed for $29.99 and came with one controller, AV cables, and a power cord. The system was small, about the size of two controllers. No expansion port, so it could not use Sega CD 1 or 2.
1999 brought the Sega Dreamcast. The first console with a built-in modem and Internet support for on-line gaming. It had good sales in its first year. So good that Sega was unable to fulfill all of the advance orders.
The Sony PlayStation PS1 arrived in 2000. The first new version was produced in response to complaints that PlayStations were overheating. Sony kept the specs the same, but removed the S-video port left over from the Japanese release. Sony produced a redesigned version of the original console, called the “PSone”, in a smaller case.
The PlayStation 2 had a tough time at first. Only a few million users had actually scored one by the end of 2000, due to manufacturing problems. The launch titles for the PS2 were lackluster, but that would soon change.
The Nintendo Game Cube was unveiled during Spaceworld 2000, looking just as the name suggests, like a cube. It has a unique CD in the GameCube Optical Disc, which are 3 1/8 inches in diameter.
The Xbox was Microsoft’s first independent venture into the video game console arena. Some titles at launch were Amped, Dead or Alive 3, Halo: Combat Evolved and Project Gotham Racing.
In November 2002 Microsoft introduced the Xbox Live on-line gaming service. 250,000 subscribers had signed on in just 2 months when Live was launched.
The Sony PlayStation 2 (SCPH-70000) was released in 2004 just in time for the launch of Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. A new, smaller PS2. Sony stopped making the older PS2 model in the summer of 2004.
XaviXPORT was released in 2004 at the Consumer Electronics Show. The console uses peripherals to interact with games through image recognition and infrared sensors that detect player movements.
The Xbox 360 is Microsoft’s latest video game console that we all know and love. I won’t go into detail. Awesome and powerful console.
The PlayStation 3 was released in 2006. At that time were showing up on eBay for more than $2300. Another great and powerful console. Lately they haven’t been selling well for Sony, but who knows what the future holds.
The Nintendo Wii was also released in 2006. It was codenamed the “Revolution” then later renamed Wii.
The Wii Remote is has been revolutionizing game play with accelerometers and infrared detection to sense its position in 3D space. It’s a huge hit for the big N.
(Part 6)
ResponderEliminarSeventh Generation
The most remarkable feature introduced in this time period was the new disc formats - Blu-ray Disc and the HD DVD, the later one getting discontinued soon. The use of motion as input, IR tracking (implemented on the Wii and demonstrated on the PS3) and standard wireless controllers were the highlights of this generation game consoles. This era included Microsoft's XBox 360, Sony PlayStation 3 and Nintendo Wii game console which are the most sought after consoles today.
This is where we can sum up the evolution of video games and gaming consoles. The experience on modern-day gaming consoles is on a completely different level and all its spectacular features can be attributed to the immense effort put over these eras.